What is Child Development?

Child development encompasses many things. In general, the term refers to the growth and change that occurs in humans between birth and adolescence. There are a number of aspects considered in the development of children. The concept is studied as a means of determine average guidelines for what is to be expected during certain stages. Determining a baseline of developmental milestones helps parents, teachers and health practitioners intervene if there is a delay, according to the US National Library of Medicine.

Normal Development

When it comes to child development, the term “normal” simply refers to what can be expected at various ages. It turns out the children reach milestones at about the same age universally, no matter where they live in the world. For example, babies tend to sit up at around six months old and walk by around age one. Learning about the normal and expected developmental milestones is essential to knowing if a child may be falling behind. Seeking expert intervention early can not only ease a parent’s mind, it can ensure that measures are taken to alleviate a potential problem.

Although developmental stages do tend to occur at around the same times in the majority of children, there may not be reason to worry if your child seems to be delayed in some way. These milestones are only estimates. Comparisons between children should not be made, as developmental markers usually allow for several months variation.

Abnormal Development

When development veers from the path that is expected or normal, it can be considered abnormal. Examples of issues that fall under the category of abnormal child development include learning disabilities, behavioral problems, physical limitations and emotional disturbances. Some of these abnormalities may be due to genetic factors, while others may be attributed to the child’s environment. Life events such as divorce, geographic relocation, death of a loved one or other traumatic event can lead to things like anxiety, depression, speech delay, mood changes, misbehavior or other issue.

Developmental Problems

Developmental problems can occur in a wide array of areas. A child could develop physical issues such as birth defects or chronic illness that may affect motor skills, sleeping or eating. Learning and cognition are also affected by developmental issues. Children learn from the time they are born. If that learning is stunted or inhibited somehow, it is natural for certain developmental milestones to be delayed.

A child who has difficulties in language development will face incredible challenges when it comes to effectively communicating with those around him, as well as with self-expression. Speech pathologists and counselors are trained to address these issues and work with children to provide techniques to restore language skills.

Related Resource: Speech-Language Pathology Jobs

An understanding of the process of development in children can truly help a parent in monitoring progress and seeking help if needed. Seeking assistance from a family physician is a good first step. There are also school personnel who are trained to deal with certain kinds of developmental delays. These include teachers, counselors and school psychologists who can recommend an appropriate plan of action. Prompt attention and working with knowledgeable professionals are key to managing and understanding any child development issues that may arise.